{"num_reviews":0,"url":"https://covenanthealthproducts.com/collagen-ii-joint-formula-120-caplets-by-collagen-md-inc","add_this":[{"service":"facebook","annotation":""},{"service":"twitter","annotation":""},{"service":"linkedin","annotation":""}],"gtin":null,"max_purchase_quantity":0,"brand":{"name":"Collagen MD Inc","url":"https://covenanthealthproducts.com/collagen-md-inc/"},"id":20989,"can_purchase":false,"meta_description":"Collagen II Joint Formula 120 caplets by Collagen MD Inc Fast and Free Shipping","category":["Discontinued-Redirected"],"meta_keywords":"","AddThisServiceButtonMeta":"","images":[{"data":"https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/images/stencil/{:size}/products/20989/24615/C96592__20681.1638816977.jpg?c=1","alt":"Collagen II Joint Formula 120 caplets by Collagen MD Inc"}],"main_image":{"data":"https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/images/stencil/{:size}/products/20989/24615/C96592__20681.1638816977.jpg?c=1","alt":"Collagen II Joint Formula 120 caplets by Collagen MD Inc"},"add_to_wishlist_url":"/wishlist.php?action=add&product_id=20989","shipping":[],"custom_fields":[{"id":"101705","name":"Questions","value":"<a href=\"https://covenanthealthproducts.com/need-product-help\"><strong>Questions About this Product?</strong></a>"}],"sku":"CMD-C96592-NA","description":"<div id=\"description\"><h3>Collagen II Joint Formula 120 caplets by Collagen MD Inc</h3><div>Collagen II Joint Formula 120 caplets by Collagen MD Inc is an advanced formula that provides nutritional support for maintenance of healthy joint cartilage.*</div><div><br></div><div>Recommendation:</div><div>Collagen MD Inc recommends taking four (4) caplets daily, or as directed by your physician. Take preferably in the morning on an empty stomach. Wait 20 minutes before eating.</div><div><br></div><div>Serving Size: 4 Caplets</div><div>Servings Per Container: 30</div><div><br></div><div>Amount Per Serving:</div><div>Sternal Chicken Cartilage-A Natural blend of 1500 mg</div><div>Chondroitin</div><div>Chicken Collagen Type II Protein</div><div>Glucosamine</div><div>Hyaluronic Acid (HA)</div><div>Hyaluronic Acid 50 mg</div><div>Manganese (as Manganese gluconate) 10 mg</div><div>Pomegranate extract (70% ellagic acid) 300 mg</div><div>Vitamin C (as ascorbic acid) 120 mg</div><div><br></div><div>Other Ingredients: natural clear coating, dicalcium phosphate, Natural cellulose, natural silica, croscarmellose sodium (caplet dissolving aid), stearic acid (vegetarian), vegetable magnesium stearate</div><div><br></div><div>Contains no sucrose, starch, yeast, wheat, dairy, soy, preservatives, or gluten. Allergy Warning: May contain sulfite residues. Keep in a cool, dry place. Do not expose to heat or moisture.</div><div><br></div> </div>","tags":[],"warranty":"","price":{"without_tax":{"formatted":"$34.95","value":34.95,"currency":"USD"},"tax_label":"Tax"},"detail_messages":"","availability":"This product is no longer available","page_title":"Collagen II Joint Formula 120 caplets by Collagen MD Inc","mpn":"M9659MD","upc":null,"options":[{"id":39805,"type":"Configurable_PickList_Set","display_name":"Recurring Order","required":true,"condition":false,"state":"modifier","values":[{"label":"One Time Purchase","id":48845,"data":"One Time Purchase","selected":true},{"label":"Every 20 Days","id":48846,"data":"Every 20 Days","selected":false},{"label":"Every 30 Days","id":48847,"data":"Every 30 Days","selected":false},{"label":"Every 40 Days","id":48848,"data":"Every 40 Days","selected":false},{"label":"Every 45 Days","id":159647,"data":"Every 45 Days","selected":false},{"label":"Every 60 Days","id":48849,"data":"Every 60 Days","selected":false},{"label":"Every 90 Days","id":48850,"data":"Every 90 Days","selected":false},{"label":"Every 120 Days","id":48851,"data":"Every 120 Days","selected":false},{"label":"Every 180 Days","id":48852,"data":"Every 180 Days","selected":false}],"partial":"set-select"}],"related_products":[{"id":23463,"sku":"ARG-ARTHR","name":"Arthred Collagen Formula 240g","url":"https://covenanthealthproducts.com/arthred-collagen-formula-240g-by-allergy-research-group","availability":"Usually Ships in 48 to 72 Hours","rating":0,"brand":{"name":"Allergy Research Group"},"category":["Brands/Allergy Research Group Supplements and Vitamins"],"summary":"Arthred Collagen Formula 240g by Allergy Research GroupArthred Collagen Formula by Allergy Research Group is hydrolyzed (predigested) powdered collagen (bovine source) for connective tissue support.*...","image":{"data":"https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/images/stencil/{:size}/products/23463/15498/ARTHR__93475.1638816567.jpg?c=1","alt":"Arthred Collagen Formula 240g by Allergy Research Group"},"images":[{"data":"https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/images/stencil/{:size}/products/23463/15498/ARTHR__93475.1638816567.jpg?c=1","alt":"Arthred Collagen Formula 240g by Allergy Research Group"}],"date_added":"Dec 06, 2021","pre_order":false,"show_cart_action":true,"has_options":true,"stock_level":null,"low_stock_level":null,"qty_in_cart":0,"custom_fields":[{"id":126998,"name":"Brand","value":"<a href='/Allergy-Research-Group_c_1743.html'><img src=https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/product_images/uploaded_images/brand-logos/allergy-research-group_278x90.png\" width=\"278\" height=\"90\"></a>"},{"id":126999,"name":"Questions","value":"<a href=\"https://covenanthealthproducts.com/need-product-help\"><strong>Questions About this Product?</strong></a>"}],"num_reviews":0,"weight":{"formatted":"0.69 Ounces","value":0.69},"demo":false,"price":{"without_tax":{"currency":"USD","formatted":"$56.99","value":56.99},"tax_label":"Tax"},"add_to_wishlist_url":"/wishlist.php?action=add&product_id=23463"},{"id":14256,"sku":"OP0023","name":"OptiVision Forte 120 caplets","url":"https://covenanthealthproducts.com/optivision-forte-120-caplets/","availability":"Usually Ships in 48 to 72 Hours","rating":0,"brand":{"name":"Natural Ophthalmics"},"category":["Brands/Natural Ophthalmics"],"summary":"OptiVision Forte 120c by Natural Ophthalmics&nbsp;&nbsp; OptiVision Forte by Ophthalmics is a special dietary supplement that provides comprehensive nutraceutical support for healthy eyes. *...","image":{"data":"https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/images/stencil/{:size}/products/14256/18362/op0023__21022.1638816696.jpg?c=1","alt":"OptiVision Forte 120 caplets by Natural Ophthalmics"},"images":[{"data":"https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/images/stencil/{:size}/products/14256/18362/op0023__21022.1638816696.jpg?c=1","alt":"OptiVision Forte 120 caplets by Natural Ophthalmics"}],"date_added":"Dec 06, 2021","pre_order":false,"show_cart_action":true,"has_options":false,"stock_level":null,"low_stock_level":null,"qty_in_cart":0,"custom_fields":[{"id":139348,"name":"Brand","value":"<a href='/Natural-Ophthalmics_c_227.html'><img src=\"https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/product_images/uploaded_images/brand-logos/natural-ophthalmics_278x90.png\" width=\"278\" height=\"90\"></a>"},{"id":139349,"name":"Questions","value":"<a href=\"https://covenanthealthproducts.com/need-product-help\"><strong>Questions About this Product?</strong></a>"}],"num_reviews":0,"weight":{"formatted":"0.50 Ounces","value":0.5},"demo":false,"price":{"without_tax":{"currency":"USD","formatted":"$50.00","value":50},"tax_label":"Tax"},"out_of_stock_message":false,"add_to_wishlist_url":"/wishlist.php?action=add&product_id=14256"},{"id":18522,"sku":"LX0136","name":"Bone Strength Collagen Formula 120c","url":"https://covenanthealthproducts.com/bone-strength-collagen-formula-120c-life-extension","availability":"Usually Ships in 48 to 72 Hours","rating":0,"brand":{"name":"Life Extension"},"category":["Brands/Life Extension Vitamins and Supplements"],"summary":"Bone Strength Collagen Formula 120c by Life Extension(Formerly Bone Strength Formula w/KoAct)&nbsp;Optimize bone health with Bone Strength Collagen Formula, a bone supplement with a patented chelated...","image":{"data":"https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/images/stencil/{:size}/products/18522/29749/bone-strength-collagen-formula-120c_01725__96398.1649947817.jpg?c=1","alt":"Bone Strength Collagen Formula 120c by Life Extension"},"images":[{"data":"https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/images/stencil/{:size}/products/18522/29749/bone-strength-collagen-formula-120c_01725__96398.1649947817.jpg?c=1","alt":"Bone Strength Collagen Formula 120c by Life Extension"}],"date_added":"Dec 06, 2021","pre_order":false,"show_cart_action":true,"has_options":true,"stock_level":null,"low_stock_level":null,"qty_in_cart":0,"custom_fields":[{"id":137782,"name":"Brand","value":"<a href='/Life-Extension_c_2450.html'><img src=\"https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/product_images/uploaded_images/brand-logos/life-extension_278x90.png\" width=\"278\" height=\"90\"></a>"},{"id":137783,"name":"Questions","value":"<a href=\"https://covenanthealthproducts.com/need-product-help\"><strong>Questions About this Product?</strong></a>"}],"num_reviews":0,"weight":{"formatted":"0.38 Ounces","value":0.38},"demo":false,"price":{"without_tax":{"currency":"USD","formatted":"$45.00","value":45},"tax_label":"Tax"},"add_to_wishlist_url":"/wishlist.php?action=add&product_id=18522"},{"id":14650,"sku":"PROT-P31347","name":"Joint-UC Collagen 60c","url":"https://covenanthealthproducts.com/joint-uc-collagen-60c/","availability":"Usually Ships in 48 to 72 Hours","rating":0,"brand":{"name":"Protocol for Life"},"category":["Brands/Protocol For Life Supplements and Vitamins"],"summary":"Joint-UC Collagen 60c by Protocol for Life BalanceJoint Health*UC-II® is an undenatured (native) type II collagen that is derived from chicken sternum. This unique configuration allows it to interact...","image":{"data":"https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/images/stencil/{:size}/products/14650/19574/PROT-P31347__76585.1638816750.jpg?c=1","alt":"Joint-UC Collagen 60c by Protocol for Life Balance"},"images":[{"data":"https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/images/stencil/{:size}/products/14650/19574/PROT-P31347__76585.1638816750.jpg?c=1","alt":"Joint-UC Collagen 60c by Protocol for Life Balance"}],"date_added":"Dec 06, 2021","pre_order":false,"show_cart_action":true,"has_options":true,"stock_level":null,"low_stock_level":null,"qty_in_cart":0,"custom_fields":[{"id":144382,"name":"Brand","value":"<a href='/Protocol-For-Life_c_2969.html'><img src=https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/product_images/uploaded_images/brand-logos/protocol-for-life_278x90.png\" width=\"278\" height=\"90\"></a>"},{"id":144383,"name":"Questions","value":"<a href=\"https://covenanthealthproducts.com/need-product-help\"><strong>Questions About this Product?</strong></a>"}],"num_reviews":0,"weight":{"formatted":"15.00 Ounces","value":15},"demo":false,"price":{"without_tax":{"currency":"USD","formatted":"$35.99","value":35.99},"tax_label":"Tax"},"add_to_wishlist_url":"/wishlist.php?action=add&product_id=14650"},{"id":15686,"sku":"TH-V944","name":"Joint Support Formula 120 soft chews","url":"https://covenanthealthproducts.com/arthroplex-120-soft-chews-by-thorne_vet","availability":"Usually Ships in 48 to 72 Hours","rating":0,"brand":{"name":"Thorne"},"category":["Brands/Thorne Supplements and Vitamins"],"summary":"\nJoint Support Formula 120 soft chews by Thorne Vet\n&nbsp;\nComprehensive Musculoskeletal Support For Dogs And Cats\n&nbsp;\nArthroplex helps optimize the normal function of joints and muscles, as well...","image":{"data":"https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/images/stencil/{:size}/products/15686/35353/Joint-Support-Formula-old-Arthroplex-120sc-ThorneVet__59935.1734017645.jpg?c=1","alt":"Joint Support Formula 120 soft chews by Thorne Vet"},"images":[{"data":"https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/images/stencil/{:size}/products/15686/35353/Joint-Support-Formula-old-Arthroplex-120sc-ThorneVet__59935.1734017645.jpg?c=1","alt":"Joint Support Formula 120 soft chews by Thorne Vet"}],"date_added":"Dec 06, 2021","pre_order":false,"show_cart_action":true,"has_options":true,"stock_level":null,"low_stock_level":null,"qty_in_cart":0,"custom_fields":[{"id":148896,"name":"Brand","value":"<a href='/Thorne_c_3270.html'><img src=https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/product_images/uploaded_images/brand-logos/thorne_278x90.png\" width=\"278\" height=\"90\"></a>"},{"id":148897,"name":"Questions","value":"<a href=\"https://covenanthealthproducts.com/need-product-help\"><strong>Questions About this Product?</strong></a>"}],"num_reviews":0,"weight":{"formatted":"0.62 Ounces","value":0.62},"demo":false,"price":{"without_tax":{"currency":"USD","formatted":"$55.60","value":55.6},"tax_label":"Tax"},"add_to_wishlist_url":"/wishlist.php?action=add&product_id=15686"},{"id":23843,"sku":"NOW-N31341","name":"UC-II Type II Collagen 40mg 60c","url":"https://covenanthealthproducts.com/uc-ii-type-ii-collagen-40mg-60c-by-now-foods","availability":"Usually Ships in 48 to 72 Hours","rating":0,"brand":{"name":"Now Foods"},"category":["Brands/Now Foods Supplements and Vitamins"],"summary":"UC-II Type II Collagen 40mg 60c by Now Foods&nbsp;UC-II Type II Collagen 40mg by Now Foods is a patented form of collagen with undenatured (native) type II collagen that works with the immune system...","image":{"data":"https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/images/stencil/{:size}/products/23843/26785/N31341__83052.1638817072.jpg?c=1","alt":"UC-II Type II Collagen 40mg 60c by Now Foods"},"images":[{"data":"https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/images/stencil/{:size}/products/23843/26785/N31341__83052.1638817072.jpg?c=1","alt":"UC-II Type II Collagen 40mg 60c by Now Foods"}],"date_added":"Dec 06, 2021","pre_order":false,"show_cart_action":true,"has_options":true,"stock_level":null,"low_stock_level":null,"qty_in_cart":0,"custom_fields":[{"id":141922,"name":"Brand","value":"<a href='/Now-Foods_c_2968.html'><img src=https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/product_images/uploaded_images/brand-logos/now-foods_278x90.png\" width=\"278\" height=\"90\"></a>"},{"id":141923,"name":"Questions","value":"<a href=\"https://covenanthealthproducts.com/need-product-help\"><strong>Questions About this Product?</strong></a>"}],"num_reviews":0,"weight":{"formatted":"0.13 Ounces","value":0.13},"demo":false,"price":{"without_tax":{"currency":"USD","formatted":"$34.99","value":34.99},"tax_label":"Tax"},"add_to_wishlist_url":"/wishlist.php?action=add&product_id=23843"},{"id":25805,"sku":"COM-P8571","name":"Collagen Type II 500mg 60c","url":"https://covenanthealthproducts.com/collagen-type-ii-500-mg-60-capsules-by-complementary-prescriptions","availability":"Usually Ships in 48 to 72 Hours","rating":0,"brand":{"name":"SFI Health"},"category":["Brands/Klaire Labs/SFI Health Supplements and Vitamins"],"summary":"Collagen Type II 500mg 60c by Klaire Labs(Formerly branded Complementary Prescriptions)&nbsp;Collagen Type II 500mg is a hydrolyzed type II collagen supplement that provides a complex matrix of...","image":{"data":"https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/images/stencil/{:size}/products/25805/33235/collagen-type-ii-500-mg-60-capsules-sfi-health__16648.1718312155.jpg?c=1","alt":"Collagen Type II 500mg 60c - SFI Health"},"images":[{"data":"https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/images/stencil/{:size}/products/25805/33235/collagen-type-ii-500-mg-60-capsules-sfi-health__16648.1718312155.jpg?c=1","alt":"Collagen Type II 500mg 60c - SFI Health"}],"date_added":"Dec 06, 2021","pre_order":false,"show_cart_action":true,"has_options":true,"stock_level":null,"low_stock_level":null,"qty_in_cart":0,"custom_fields":[{"id":148016,"name":"Brand","value":"<a href='/Klaire-Labs_c_156.html'><img src=https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/product_images/uploaded_images/brand-logos/sfi-health_278x90.png\" width=\"278\" height=\"90\"></a>"},{"id":148017,"name":"Questions","value":"<a href=\"https://covenanthealthproducts.com/need-product-help\"><strong>Questions About this Product?</strong></a>"}],"num_reviews":0,"weight":{"formatted":"0.00 Ounces","value":0},"demo":false,"price":{"without_tax":{"currency":"USD","formatted":"$40.99","value":40.99},"tax_label":"Tax"},"add_to_wishlist_url":"/wishlist.php?action=add&product_id=25805"},{"id":21266,"sku":"RES-R72192","name":"Collagen Booster 120 caps - no longer available","url":"https://covenanthealthproducts.com/collagen-booster-120-caps-by-reserveage","availability":"This product is no longer available","rating":0,"brand":{"name":"Reserveage"},"category":[],"summary":"Collagen Booster 120 caps by ReserveageCollagen Booster by Reserveage is designed to increase collagen in your skin.*Recommendation:&nbsp;Reserveage suggests taking 2 capsules daily. For intensive...","image":{"data":"https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/images/stencil/{:size}/products/21266/25257/R72192__60468.1638817005.jpg?c=1","alt":"Collagen Booster 120 caps by Reserveage"},"images":[{"data":"https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/images/stencil/{:size}/products/21266/25257/R72192__60468.1638817005.jpg?c=1","alt":"Collagen Booster 120 caps by Reserveage"}],"date_added":"Dec 06, 2021","pre_order":false,"show_cart_action":false,"has_options":false,"stock_level":null,"low_stock_level":null,"qty_in_cart":0,"custom_fields":[{"id":145856,"name":"Brand","value":"<a href='/Reserveage_c_2783.html'><img src=https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/product_images/uploaded_images/brand-logos/reserveage_278x90.png\" width=\"278\" height=\"90\"></a>"},{"id":145857,"name":"Questions","value":"<a href=\"https://covenanthealthproducts.com/need-product-help\"><strong>Questions About this Product?</strong></a>"}],"num_reviews":0,"weight":{"formatted":"0.20 Ounces","value":0.2},"demo":false,"price":{"without_tax":{"currency":"USD","formatted":"$83.99","value":83.99},"tax_label":"Tax"},"add_to_wishlist_url":"/wishlist.php?action=add&product_id=21266"},{"id":25733,"sku":"COM-P5241","name":"Joint Support Formula 120c","url":"https://covenanthealthproducts.com/joint-support-formula-120-capsules-by-sfi-health","availability":"Usually Ships in 48 to 72 Hours","rating":0,"brand":{"name":"SFI Health"},"category":["Brands/Klaire Labs/SFI Health Supplements and Vitamins"],"summary":"\nJoint Support Formula 120c by SFI Health\n(Formerly Branded Klaire Labs)Joint Support Formula by SFI Health provides targeted nutritional support for cartilage and joints.† The metabolically active...","image":{"data":"https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/images/stencil/{:size}/products/25733/33276/joint-support-formula-120-capsules-sfi-health__82357.1718312163.jpg?c=1","alt":"Joint Support Formula 120c - SFI Health"},"images":[{"data":"https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/images/stencil/{:size}/products/25733/33276/joint-support-formula-120-capsules-sfi-health__82357.1718312163.jpg?c=1","alt":"Joint Support Formula 120c - SFI Health"}],"date_added":"Dec 06, 2021","pre_order":false,"show_cart_action":true,"has_options":true,"stock_level":null,"low_stock_level":null,"qty_in_cart":0,"custom_fields":[{"id":148098,"name":"Brand","value":"<a href='/Klaire-Labs_c_156.html'><img src=https://cdn11.bigcommerce.com/s-35tuw7jhw2/product_images/uploaded_images/brand-logos/sfi-health_278x90.png\" width=\"278\" height=\"90\"></a>"},{"id":148099,"name":"Questions","value":"<a href=\"https://covenanthealthproducts.com/need-product-help\"><strong>Questions About this Product?</strong></a>"}],"num_reviews":0,"weight":{"formatted":"0.33 Ounces","value":0.33},"demo":false,"price":{"without_tax":{"currency":"USD","formatted":"$47.99","value":47.99},"tax_label":"Tax"},"add_to_wishlist_url":"/wishlist.php?action=add&product_id=25733"}],"shipping_messages":[],"rating":0,"reviews":{"messages":[],"captcha":"6LdWf8gSAAAAAI83aRectJhbwidegZKk8PzWBltH","total":0,"show_review_email":true,"recaptcha":{"enabled":1,"public_key":"6LdWf8gSAAAAAI83aRectJhbwidegZKk8PzWBltH","markup":"<div class=\"g-recaptcha\" data-sitekey=\"6LcjX0sbAAAAACp92-MNpx66FT4pbIWh-FTDmkkz\"></div><br/>"}},"bulk_discount_rates":[],"title":"Collagen II Joint Formula 120 caplets","gift_wrapping_available":false,"min_purchase_quantity":1}

Collagen II Joint Formula 120 caplets

Collagen MD Inc

$34.95
(No reviews yet) Write a Review
SKU:
CMD-C96592-NA
Availability:
This product is no longer available
Minimum Purchase:
1 unit

Collagen II Joint Formula 120 caplets by Collagen MD Inc

Collagen II Joint Formula 120 caplets by Collagen MD Inc is an advanced formula that provides nutritional support for maintenance of healthy joint cartilage.*

Recommendation:
Collagen MD Inc recommends taking four (4) caplets daily, or as directed by your physician. Take preferably in the morning on an empty stomach. Wait 20 minutes before eating.

Serving Size: 4 Caplets
Servings Per Container: 30

Amount Per Serving:
Sternal Chicken Cartilage-A Natural blend of 1500 mg
Chondroitin
Chicken Collagen Type II Protein
Glucosamine
Hyaluronic Acid (HA)
Hyaluronic Acid 50 mg
Manganese (as Manganese gluconate) 10 mg
Pomegranate extract (70% ellagic acid) 300 mg
Vitamin C (as ascorbic acid) 120 mg

Other Ingredients: natural clear coating, dicalcium phosphate, Natural cellulose, natural silica, croscarmellose sodium (caplet dissolving aid), stearic acid (vegetarian), vegetable magnesium stearate

Contains no sucrose, starch, yeast, wheat, dairy, soy, preservatives, or gluten. Allergy Warning: May contain sulfite residues. Keep in a cool, dry place. Do not expose to heat or moisture.